Evolución de la prevalencia de sedentarismo en la población española entre los años 1987 y 2020 / Evolution of sedentarism prevalence in Spanish population between 1987 and 2020

Antecedentes y objetivo: El sedentarismo es un factor predictivo para numerosas enfermedades. El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la evolución de la prevalencia de sedentarismo en la población española adulta entre los años 1987-2020. Métodos: Las fuentes de datos fueron las Encuestas Nacionales y Europeas de Salud. La prevalencia de sedentarismo se valoró en 3 escenarios (actividad principal, tiempo libre y todos los escenarios). Se estimaron prevalencias de sedentarismo global, por sexo y grupo de edad. En todos los escenarios la prevalencia también se estimó por comunidad autónoma. La tendencia de las prevalencias se analizó con los porcentajes de cambio anual (PCA) obtenidos a través de modelos joinpoint. Resultados: La prevalencia de sedentarismo en la actividad principal varió entre el 31,2% en 1987 y el 38,4% en 2020 (PCA: 0,7 [0,5 a 1,0]), siendo mayor en los varones que en las mujeres, y más elevada en los más jóvenes y en los más mayores. La prevalencia de sedentarismo en el tiempo libre varió entre el 55,1% en 1993 y el 36,4% en 2020 (PCA: −1,4 [−1,9 a −0,9]), siendo siempre superior en las mujeres, más alta en los mayores de 64 años y menor en los de 16-24 años. Cantabria y Canarias fueron las comunidades autónomas con la prevalencia de sedentarismo más baja en todos los escenarios. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de sedentarismo en la actividad principal está aumentando en España, mientras que durante el tiempo libre está descendiendo. Es importante aplicar medidas de prevención y promoción de la salud dirigidas a disminuir el sedentarismo en la población.(AU)

Background and objective: Sedentary behavior is a predictive factor for numerous diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of the prevalence of sedentary behavior in the Spanish adult population between 1987 and 2020. Methods: The data sources were the National and European Health Surveys. The prevalence of sedentary behavior was assessed in three scenarios (main activity, leisure time and all scenarios). Prevalence of sedentary behavior was estimated overall, by sex and age group. In all scenarios, prevalence was also estimated by Autonomous Community. The prevalence trend was analyzed with the annual percent change (APC) obtained through joinpoint models. Results: The prevalence of sedentary in the main activity ranged from 31.2% in 1987 to 38.4% in 2020 [PCA: 0.7 (0.5-1.0)], being higher in men than in women and higher in younger and older people. The prevalence of sedentary in the leisure time varied between 55.1% in 1993 and 36.4% in 2020 [PCA: −1.4 (−1.9 to −0.9)], being always higher in women, higher in those over 64 years of age and lower in those aged 16–24 years. Cantabria and the Canary Islands were the Autonomous Communities with the lowest prevalence of sedentary behavior in all scenarios. Conclusions: The prevalence of sedentary behavior in the main activity is increasing in Spain, whereas during leisure time it is decreasing. It is important to implement prevention and health promotion measures aimed at reducing sedentary behavior in the population.(AU)

Evolution of sedentarism prevalence in Spanish population between 1987 and 2020. / Evolución de la prevalencia de sedentarismo en la población española entre los años 1987 y 2020.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Sedentary behavior is a predictive factor for numerous diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the evolution of the prevalence of sedentary behavior in the Spanish adult population between 1987 and 2020. METHODS: The data sources were the National and European Health Surveys. The prevalence of sedentary behavior was assessed in three scenarios (main activity, leisure time and all scenarios). Prevalence of sedentary behavior was estimated overall, by sex and age group. In all scenarios, prevalence was also estimated by Autonomous Community. The prevalence trend was analyzed with the annual percent change (APC) obtained through joinpoint models. RESULTS: The prevalence of sedentary in the main activity ranged from 31.2% in 1987 to 38.4% in 2020 [PCA: 0.7 (0.5-1.0)], being higher in men than in women and higher in younger and older people. The prevalence of sedentary in the leisure time varied between 55.1% in 1993 and 36.4% in 2020 [PCA: -1.4 (-1.9 to -0.9)], being always higher in women, higher in those over 64 years of age and lower in those aged 16-24 years. Cantabria and the Canary Islands were the Autonomous Communities with the lowest prevalence of sedentary behavior in all scenarios. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of sedentary behavior in the main activity is increasing in Spain, whereas during leisure time it is decreasing. It is important to implement prevention and health promotion measures aimed at reducing sedentary behavior in the population.